There are many sites and communities devoted to sharing DIY know hows and open source software and hardware designs. You can find many interesting projects and useful resources there, you can also find and follow even more sites from there.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_consumer_brain%E2%80%93comput...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arduino
http://openeeg.sourceforge.net
http://produceconsumerobot.com/biosensing/
http://www.kickstarter.com/help/faq/kickstarter%20basics?ref=nav
English